Hendra would be most likely if a horse with respiratory disease was recently imported from:

Hendra would be most likely if a horse with respiratory disease was recently imported from:

• A. Madagascar
• B. Australia
• C. England
• D. Kenya

Answer: (B)

Hendra virus is carried by flying foxes in Australia, so the country of origin is the key clue. The virus is enzootic in eastern Australia, and spillover to horses—which then can affect humans—has been documented there. If a horse with respiratory disease was recently imported from Australia, Hendra would be the most likely diagnosis among the options because this geographic association matches where the virus circulates in nature. In contrast, Madagascar, England, and Kenya are not known to have Australian-endemic Hendra virus in the bat populations, making Hendra much less likely from those origins.

Hendra virus is carried by flying foxes in Australia, so the country of origin is the key clue. The virus is enzootic in eastern Australia, and spillover to horses—which then can affect humans—has been documented there. If a horse with respiratory disease was recently imported from Australia, Hendra would be the most likely diagnosis among the options because this geographic association matches where the virus circulates in nature. In contrast, Madagascar, England, and Kenya are not known to have Australian-endemic Hendra virus in the bat populations, making Hendra much less likely from those origins.